And Moses took the blood and sprinkled [it] on the people, and he said, "Behold the blood of the covenant, which the L-rd has formed with you concerning these words." (Exodus 24:8)

This verse is not in chronological order but speaks of the time just prior to the giving of the Torah. Moses took the blood of the sacrifices which were offered by the people at the foot of Mount Sinai and divided it into two bowls. Half of the blood he threw on the altar while the other half was sprinkled on the people, thus bringing them into a covenant with G‑d through the blood.

This painting views the splashing of blood upon the people from the top of the mountain looking down. The lusciousness of the red paint reflects an opinion that the blood stains on the garments of the Israelites were as precious to them as jewelry. The blood became a sign for them of how special they were to G‑d.